|
Oslo Freedom Forum (OFF) is a series of global conferences run by the New York-based non-profit Human Rights Foundation under the slogan “Challenging Power.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oslofreedomforum.com/ )〕 OFF was founded in 2009 as a one-time event and has taken place annually ever since. One of the key objectives of the conferences is to bring together notable people, including former heads of state, winners of the Nobel Peace Prize, prisoners of conscience, as well as of other public figures in order to network and exchange ideas about human rights and exposing dictatorships. The main OFF conference is held annually in central Oslo, Norway while satellite events have been held in San Francisco and on college campuses in the United States. OFF talks are live-streamed and consist of lectures and panel discussions taking place in front of a live audience.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.templeton.org/who-we-are/media-room/in-the-news/human-rights-beyond-ideology-about-the-jtf-funded-oslo-freedom-for )〕 According to ''Wired Magazine'', "If the global human-rights movement were to create its own unified representative body, it would look something like this." They also later wrote, "The power of the event -- whose sponsors include Sergey Brin's and Peter Thiel's charitable foundations -- lies in the seamless mix of grassroots activists, many of whom have risked their lives to speak out, and the top-level policymakers and influencers who can act on what they learn." OFF was founded by human rights activist Thor Halvorssen. ==Events== ;2009 The inaugural Oslo Freedom Forum, titled “The Nobility of the Human Spirit and the Power of Freedom,” featured more than 30 speakers with an emphasis on the importance of literature in advancing the cause of freedom. Participants included Nobel Laureate Elie Wiesel; Czech playwright and politician Václav Havel; Kurdish rights advocate Leyla Zana; and Tibetan former political prisoner Palden Gyatso.〔 Norwegian daily ''Klassekampen'' called the conference an “impressive assembly of people.”〔 ''The Wall Street Journal'' described OFF as “unlike any other human-rights conference,” the emphasis was on promoting basic rights in all nations at all times." ;2010 The 2010 Oslo Freedom Forum, organized around the theme “From Tragedy to Triumph,” featured participants from more than 40 countries and six continents. The event focused on the progress made in the realms of civil liberties and freedoms over the past century, while highlighting the innovation of modern-day advocates—activists, policy makers, world leaders, and media entrepreneurs. Speakers at the 2010 forum included Rebiya Kadeer, Kang Chol-Hwan, Clara Rojas, and Lubna al-Hussein, Lech Walesa, Anwar Ibrahim, Mart Laar presented, Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales, WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange, and entrepreneur Peter Thiel. Other notable speakers included Russian democracy advocate and chess master Garry Kasparov, Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto, abolitionist and explorer Benjamin Skinner, former Cuban political prisoner Armando Valladares, and Chechen lawyer Lidia Yusupova, hailed as the bravest woman in Europe.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.youtube.com/oslofreedomforum )〕 ''The Economist'' described the 2010 forum as “A spectacular human-rights festival… on its way to becoming a human right equivalent of the Davos economic forum.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=A crowded field )〕 ;2011 The 2011 Oslo Freedom Forum took place under the theme “Spark of Change,” and featured speakers from across the world who gave presentations on an array of topics, from an analysis of some of the world's most prominent dictatorships, to a look at the impact that a single individual can have on the world. Speakers at the 2011 conference included Iranian Nobel Laureate Shirin Ebadi, Ghanaian economist George Ayittey, former president of Colombia Belisario Betancur, North Korea expert and journalist Barbara Demick, Egyptian analyst Mona Eltahawy, American neuroscientist James Fallon, Chinese dissident Yang Jianli, Harvard political theorist Steven Levitsky, Canadian free speech champion John Ralston Saul, Nobel Peace Prize-winning activist Jody Williams, and Bahraini rights activist Maryam al-Khawaja.〔 Bahraini activist Ali Abdulemam was invited to speak and had confirmed his attendance in the forum, but went missing in Bahrain a month beforehand and was unable to participate.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oslofreedomforum.com/speakers/ali_abdulemam.html )〕〔("Huffington Post" )〕 Egyptian internet activist and Tahrir Square protest organizer Wael Ghonim gave his presentation live from Cairo via satellite.〔 ''The Economist'' described the 2011 OFF as “a glittering gathering of veterans of human-rights struggles.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Nothing new under the sun )〕 Peter Thiel (of Facebook, PayPal, and LinkedIn) praised the Oslo Freedom Forum “because () focus on dissidents engages the intellectual debate as well as the moral cause.” ;2012 Titled “Out of Darkness, Into Light,” the fourth annual Oslo Freedom Forum explored numerous topics, including a spotlight on the many forms of modern-day slavery; exposés on how Western public relations agencies, IT firms, and arms companies support dictatorships; the drug war’s impact on human rights; a focus on the burgeoning democracy movement in Russia; perspectives on fighting poverty through individual rights; an examination of global censorship; and a discussion on the state of the Arab uprisings. Supporters included the City of Oslo, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Amnesty International, the Thiel Foundation, Fritt Ord, the Nobel Peace Center, and the Norwegian Helsinki Committee. Some of the speakers at the 2012 conference included Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales, women's rights activist Manal al-Sharif, Tunisian activist Lina Ben Mhenni, Moroccan journalist Ahmed Benchemsi, Singapore Democratic Party leader Chee Soon Juan, British journalist and author Nick Cohen, former South African politician Andrew Feinstein, Zimbabwean human rights activist Jestina Mukoko, Cambodian author and human rights activist Somaly Mam, leading Pakistani lawyer Asma Jahangir, and former Canadian Minister of Justice and Attorney General Irwin Cotler. The inaugural Václav Havel Prizes for Creative Dissent were awarded in a special ceremony during the forum. An HRF initiative, the prize was awarded to three individuals who "With bravery and ingenuity, unmask the lie of dictatorship by living in truth," said Havlova, Havel's widow, and a member of the prize committee. The three recipients were Chinese artist Ai Weiwei, Saudi women’s rights advocate Manal al-Sharif, and Burmese opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://humanrightsfoundation.org/media/Inaugural-Havel-Prize-02-05-2012.php )〕 ''The Daily Beast'' described the forum as a conference of “do-gooders conspiring to stir up trouble,” while ''The Guardian'' called it “a Davos for Revolutionaries.” ;2013 The 2013 Oslo Freedom Forum was themed “Challenging Power” and centered on a range of topics, such as the art of dissent, asymmetric activism, new tools for rights advocates, the power of media, women under Islamic law, and the threat of authoritarian regimes with façade capitalism. 2013 speakers included Chinese dissident Chen Guangcheng; recently escaped blogger Bahraini Ali Abdulemam; Peruvian Nobel laureate Mario Vargas Llosa; Zimbabwean artist Owen Maseko; Tibetan prime minister Lobsang Sangay; creator of the Magnitsky Act Bill Browder; Palestinian journalist Asmaa al-Ghoul; Malaysian lawyer and democracy advocate Ambiga Sreenevasan; and Serbian nonviolent resistance leader Srdja Popovic.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.oslofreedomforum.com/pdfs/2013OFFProgram.pdf )〕 The conference culminated with the presentation of the Václav Havel International Prize for Creative Dissent. The 2013 laureates were Syrian cartoonist Ali Ferzat, North Korean democracy activist Park Sang Hak, and Cuban civil society group Ladies in White—represented by their leader Berta Soler. The conference was chronicled in ''VICE'', ''BuzzFeed'', ''El País'', ''El Mundo'', ''Aftenposten'', and ''Verdens Gang''. Speakers were profiled in ''The Atlantic'', ''CNN'', ''The Economist'', ''The New York Times'', ''CNET'', ''The Wall Street Journal'', ''NPR'', ''Dagens Næringsliv'', and ''Finansavisen''. ''BuzzFeed'' described the conference as “an internationalist networking party where dissidents trade tips on overthrowing authoritarian regimes,” while ''Al Jazeera'' characterized it as “an annual conference that gives the people who challenge repressive regimes a platform to speak.” The forum ended with the presentation of the second Václav Havel Prize for Creative Dissent to Ali Ferzat, a Syrian political cartoonist, the Ladies in White (from Cuba) and Park Sang Hak, a North Korean democracy advocate. ;2014 The 2014 Oslo Freedom Forum included Egyptian satirist Bassem Youssef; Harvard cognitive scientist Steven Pinker; Cuban blogger Yoani Sánchez; American actor Jeffrey Wright; Ukrainian pro-democracy activist Yulia Marushevska; iconic Turkish protestor Erdem Gunduz1, as well as Marcela Turati Muñoz, Yeonmi Park, Hyeonseo Lee, Iyad El-Baghdadi, Ti-Anna Wang, Suleiman Bakhit, Julia Marusjevska, Jamila Raqib, Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, Maria Aljokhina and Mikhail Khodorkovskij.〔(Kronikk: De har blitt torturert, voldtatt, kuttet til blods, truet og banket opp )〕 ''The New York Times'' called the Oslo Freedom Forum the place where “the world’s dissidents have their say.” ;2015 The 2015 Oslo Freedom Forum took place on May 25-27. was described by ''The Financial Times'' as a “Davos for dissidents.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Fighting the Crisis of Liberalism One Suicide Bomber Joke at a Time )〕 Speakers included ''Charlie Hebdo'' columnist Zineb El Rhazoui, North Korean Ji Seong-ho, Afghan entrepreneur Saad Mohseni, and Twitter vice president Colin Crowell.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=2015 Oslo Freedom Forum )〕 ;2016 The 2016 Oslo Freedom Forum is scheduled for May 23-25, 2016.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Oslo Freedom Forum )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oslo Freedom Forum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|